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2015-10-28
2018-02-15
http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#
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2018a
DKM, Fondazione Bruno Kessler <http://dkm.fbk.eu/>
pmovn
Francesco Corcoglioniti
Marco Rospocher <https://dkm.fbk.eu/rospocher>
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Predicate Model for Ontologies (PreMOn) - VerbNet ontology module
The VerbNet module of the PreMOn ontology defines classes [pmovn:VerbClass](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#VerbClass) and [pmovn:SemanticRole](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#SemanticRole) as subclasses of [pmo:SemanticClass](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/core#SemanticClass) and [pmo:SemanticRole](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/core#SemanticRole), respectively.
*Class members* are modeled as instances of [ontolex:LexicalEntry](https://www.w3.org/community/ontolex/wiki/Final_Model_Specification#Lexical_Entry), connected to their class via property [ontolex:evokes](https://www.w3.org/community/ontolex/wiki/Final_Model_Specification#Evokes).
The VN class hierarchy is modeled via the [pmovn:subclassOf](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#subclassOf) property (subproperty of [skos:broader](http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#broader)), that relates a verb class (e.g., *13.1-1*) with its parent class (e.g., *13.1*).
Given the propagation of semantic roles along the class hierarchy, we introduce property [pmovn:definesSemRole](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#definesSemRole) to differentiate the [pmovn:SemanticRole](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#SemanticRole) instances defined on a class from the ones inherited from its ancestor classes.
Each [pmovn:SemanticRole](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#SemanticRole) instance is related (via property [pmovn:thematicRole](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#thematicRole)) to exactly one pmovn:ThematicRole, which contains all the thematic roles defined in VB. These thematic roles are organized in a hierarchy, which is formalized via the skos:broader property.
VN selectional restrictions on [pmovn:SemanticRole](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#SemanticRole)s (e.g., restricting *theme* to something not animate) are formalized using property [pmovn:restriction](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#restriction) and class [pmovn:Restriction](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#Restriction) (see later).
A verb class may have one or more [pmovn:VerbNetFrame](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#VerbNetFrame)s (via property [pmovn:frame](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#frame), or its subproperty [pmovn:definesFrame](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#definesFrame), to distinguish frames defined on the class or inherited from ancestors), which have:
* one or more ordered [pmo:SynItem](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/core#SynItem)s, modeling a syntactic construction (e.g., *Agent V Theme [-sentential]*) shared by all members of the class. [pmo:SynItem](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/core#SynItem)s are specialized according to their syntactical function (e.g., [pmovn:NpSynItem](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#NpSynItem) for noun phrases). A [pmovn:NpSynItem](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#NpSynItem) can point (via [pmo:valueObj](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/core#valueObj)) to a [pmovn:SemanticRole](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#SemanticRole), and define, via [pmovn:restriction](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#restriction), (i) a selectional restriction holding for the [pmovn:SemanticRole](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#SemanticRole) in that frame (e.g., *animate*), or (ii) some other syntactic restriction (e.g., *np to inf*). Similarly, selectional restrictions can be modelled on [pmovn:PrepSynItem](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#PrepSynItem) (e.g., *spatial*);
* one or more ordered semantic [pmo:Pred](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/core#Pred)s, modeling the meaning of the event, and its participants, expressed by the verb class for that syntactic construction (e.g.,
*approve(during(E), Agent, Theme)*). Predicates in [pmovn:Pred](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#Pred) have a type ([pmovn:PredType](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#PredType), e.g., *approve*) and can be further decomposed in [pmovn:PredArg](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#PredArg) (e.g., *during(E)*) of various types (e.g., [pmovn:EventPredArg](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#EventPredArg)). Negation of a predicate is expressed by property [pmovn:negPred](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#negPred), while implicit [pmovn:PredArg](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#PredArg)s are marked with property [pmovn:impPredArg](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#impPredArg).
A [pmovn:VerbNetFrame](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#VerbNetFrame) is directly associated to its corresponding [pmo:Example](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/core#Example) via the pmovn:frameExample property.
### Restrictions
[pmovn:Restriction](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#Restriction)s are modeled structurally as AND / OR compositions ([pmovn:CompoundRestriction](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#CompoundRestriction) and subclasses) of atomic restrictions ([pmovn:AtomicRestriction](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#AtomicRestriction) and subclasses) that require the presence or absence of a certain [pmovn:RestrictionProperty](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#RestrictionProperty). Semantically, restrictions are divided in [pmovn:SyntacticRestriction](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#SyntacticRestriction)s, which refer to a [pmovn:SyntacticRestrictionProperty](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#SyntacticRestrictionProperty) and are attached to [pmovn:NpSynItem](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#NpSynItem)s, and [pmovn:SelectionalRestriction](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#SelectionalRestriction)s. The latter are divided in [pmovn:PrepositionalSelectionalRestriction](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#PrepositionalSelectionalRestriction)s, which refer to a [pmovn:PrepositionalRestrictionProperty](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#PrepositionalRestrictionProperty) and are attached to [pmovn:PrepSynItem](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#PrepSynItem)s, and [pmovn:RoleSelectionalRestriction](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#RoleSelectionalRestriction)s, which refer to a [pmovn:RoleRestrictionProperty](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#RoleRestrictionProperty) and are attached both to [pmovn:SemanticRole](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#SemanticRole)s and [pmovn:NpSynItem](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#NpSynItem)s. Every restriction instance instantiates both a structural and a semantic subclass of [pmovn:Restriction](http://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/vn#Restriction).
The VerbNet module of the PreMOn ontology extends the core module with classes and properties specific to the VerbNet predicate model. The modelling is based on the [VerbNet Annotation Guidelines](http://nlp.cs.nyu.edu/meyers/nombank/nombank-specs-2007.pdf).
This ontology is licensed under CC-BY-SA <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>
defines frame
frame
defines semantic role
Semantic Role (VN)
Verb Class (VN)
Syntactic Frame (VN)
directly associates a VerbNet frame to its corresponding example
frame example
restriction
Restriction
NP Syntactic Item
Preposition Syntactic Item
subclass of
thematic role
Thematic Role (VN)
frame description number
frame primary
frame secondary
String representing the semantics of the Frame
frame semantics description
String representing the syntax of the Frame
frame syntax description
frame xtag
implicit predicate argument
Predicate Argument
negated predicate
Predicate
Absent Atomic Restriction
Atomic Restriction
Adjective Syntactic Item
Syntactic Item
Adverb Syntactic Item
default
And Compound Restriction
Compound Restriction
Exist Atomic Restriction
Auxiliary NP Type
Oblique
Oblique2
Oblique1
NP
Or Compound Restriction
Constant Predicate Argument
Event Predicate Argument
Event Predicate Argument Type
start of event
result of event
end of event
during event
Not clear if there is an equivalent in lexInfo
Lexical Syntactic Item
Role Selectional Restriction
Syntactic Restriction
Predicate Type
Thematic Role Predicate Argument
Verb Specific Predicate Argument
Preposition Selectional Restriction
Preposition Selectional Restriction Property
dest
path
dir
loc
spatial
plural
src
dest_dir
dest_conf
Selectional Restriction Property
Selectional Restriction
Restriction Property
Role Selectional Restriction Property
machine
pointy
animate
comestible
scalar
Non in the data
shape
region
communication
Non in the data
plant
body_part
nonrigid
human
int_control
substance
organization
concrete
biotic
Non in the data
tool
Non in the data
rigid
sound
vehicle
Non in the data
solid
Non in the data
artifact
force
location
time
animal
elongated
abstract
Non in the data
physical object
state
currency
garment
refl
Verb Syntactic Item
Syntactic Restriction Property
adv_loc
np_omit_ing
tensed_that
np_ing
oc_ing
sc_to_inf
vc_to_inf
small_clause
genitive
wheth_inf
oc_to_inf
what_extract
oc_bare_inf
np_p_ing
wh_ing
how_extract
to_be
wh_extract
what_inf
np_ppart
that_comp
ac_ing
plural
quotation
wh_comp
np_to_inf
acc_ing
rs_to_inf
np_tobe
for_comp
wh_inf
be_sc_ing
sentential
definite
poss_ing
sc_ing
ac_to_inf
body_part
refl
abstract, non instantiated in the dataset
actor
abstract, non instantiated in the dataset.
participant
agent
natural
asset
value
attribute
abstract, non instantiated in the dataset
undergoer
beneficiary
cause
co-agent
co-patient
co-theme
destination
goal
location
duration
time
experiencer
patient
extent
final time
frequency
abstract, non instantiated in the dataset
place
idea
initial location
source
initial time
instrument
material
pivot
plural
pos_ing
predicate
product
result
recipient
reflexive
stimulus
theme
to_inf_rs
topic
trajectory
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