Sound

The frame element Sound is incorporated in the meaning of the verbs of this frame. Otherwise, this FE is assigned to NPs which actually refer to a sound in the presence of the target. This typically occurs when the target is a verb used as a modifier in its -ing form, e.g.: The branches made a rattling sound. In this example, the frame element Sound is actually expressed by the word sound. Sometimes, Sound just occurs as an NP argument of a tensed verb form. Heavy music thundered from leather-curtained basements